Journal: Computer aided design

Article Title: Recent Advances in Sharing Standardized Composite Structure Design and Manufacturing Information

doi: 10.1016/j.cad.2013.05.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: A depiction of the role of STEP AP209 in the design and analysis of composite structures.

Article Snippet: The major commercial implementation of AP209 composites, shape, and FEA, developed and tested in PDES Inc., was for the MSC.PATRAN FEA pre/post-processing tool [ 26 – 28 ].

Techniques:

Journal: Computer aided design

Article Title: Recent Advances in Sharing Standardized Composite Structure Design and Manufacturing Information

doi: 10.1016/j.cad.2013.05.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: The core of the STEP AP209 laminate table data model

Article Snippet: The major commercial implementation of AP209 composites, shape, and FEA, developed and tested in PDES Inc., was for the MSC.PATRAN FEA pre/post-processing tool [ 26 – 28 ].

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Article Title: AMPA Receptor-Mediated Ca 2+ Transients in Mouse Olfactory Ensheathing Cells

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00451

Figure Lengend Snippet: Kainate induces AMPA receptor-mediated inward currents in olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). (A) Distribution of OECs in the olfactory nerve layer (ONL), identified by GLAST-Cre ERT2 -driven tdTomato expression. Scale bar: 50 μm. (B) Voltage-step protocol applied to an OEC, recorded in whole cell voltage clamp mode. (C) All recorded OECs showed a linear current-voltage relationship. (D) The application of kainate (100 μM) induced an inward current in OECs, that was reduced by the selective AMPA receptor inhibitor GYKI 53655 (100 μM). All experiments were performed in the presence of TTX (1 μM) and CBX (150 μM). (E) Averaged amplitudes and statistical analysis of kainate-induced inward currents in OECs. (F) NASPM (100 μM), a selective inhibitor of Ca 2+ -permeable AMPA receptors, reduced kainate-induced inward currents significantly. (G) Averaged amplitudes and statistical analysis of kainate-induced inward currents in OECs. ∗ p ≤ 0.05.

Article Snippet: After inserting the injection pipette into the ONL, the Ca 2+ indicator was pressure-injected with 0.7 bar for 30 s into the tissue (PDES-01 AM, NPI electronic GmbH, Tamm, Germany), followed by an incubation of 20 min. Changes in the cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration in OECs were detected by the fluorescence of Fluo-8 (excitation: 488 nm; emission: 500–530 nm) using a confocal microscope (eC1, Nikon, Düsseldorf, Germany).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Article Title: AMPA Receptor-Mediated Ca 2+ Transients in Mouse Olfactory Ensheathing Cells

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00451

Figure Lengend Snippet: Kainate-induced Ca 2+ transients in olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) depend on extracellular Ca 2+ and intracellular Ca 2+ stores. (A) Schematic illustration of the experimental set up of Ca 2+ imaging experiments. Olfactory bulb (OB) in-toto preparations of GLAST-Cre ERT2 × tdTomato fl/fl mice were fixed and placed under the confocal microscope. Fluo-8 was pressure injected into the tissue. The focal plane as seen in panel (B) is indicated by the dotted line. (B) Confocal image of tdTomato-expressing OECs in an OB in-toto preparation. Arrowheads highlight OEC somata located in the ONL. One glomerulus is indicated by an asterisk. Scale bar: 100 μm. (C) Kainate-induced Ca 2+ transients in OECs in the presence of TTX (1 μM) and CBX (150 μM) were reduced by GYKI 53655 (100 μM). (D) GYKI 53655 significantly reduced kainate-mediated Ca 2+ transients. (E) Withdrawal of extracellular Ca 2+ abolished kainate-induced Ca 2+ transients in OECs completely. Restitution of extracellular Ca 2+ caused a recovery of kainate-induced Ca 2+ transients in OECs. (F) Averaged amplitudes and statistical analysis of kainate-mediated Ca 2+ transients. (G) Upon intracellular Ca 2+ store depletion by CPA (20 μM) kainate-induced Ca 2+ transients were significantly reduced. (H) Averaged amplitudes and statistical analysis of the effect of CPA on kainate-mediated Ca 2+ transients. ∗∗∗ p ≤ 0.001; ∗ p ≤ 0.05. n.s.: not significant.

Article Snippet: After inserting the injection pipette into the ONL, the Ca 2+ indicator was pressure-injected with 0.7 bar for 30 s into the tissue (PDES-01 AM, NPI electronic GmbH, Tamm, Germany), followed by an incubation of 20 min. Changes in the cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration in OECs were detected by the fluorescence of Fluo-8 (excitation: 488 nm; emission: 500–530 nm) using a confocal microscope (eC1, Nikon, Düsseldorf, Germany).

Techniques: Imaging, Microscopy, Injection, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Article Title: AMPA Receptor-Mediated Ca 2+ Transients in Mouse Olfactory Ensheathing Cells

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00451

Figure Lengend Snippet: Electrical stimulation of OSN axons evokes AMPA-mediated Ca 2+ transients in olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). (A) Electrical stimulation of OSN axons evoked Ca 2+ transients in OECs in control conditions (ACSF), and in the presence of purinergic (MRS2179, 100 μM; ZM241385; 0.5 μM), dopaminergic (SCH23390; 5 μM) an glutamatergic (CPCCOEt, 100 μM; D-APV, 100 μM) receptor antagonists. The additional application of NASPM (100 μM) further reduced Ca 2+ transients in OECs. NBQX (20 μM) abolished stimulation-induced Ca 2+ transients. (B) Averaged amplitudes of stimulation-evoked Ca 2+ transients in OECs. ∗∗∗ p < 0.0001; ∗∗ p < 0.01; ∗ p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: After inserting the injection pipette into the ONL, the Ca 2+ indicator was pressure-injected with 0.7 bar for 30 s into the tissue (PDES-01 AM, NPI electronic GmbH, Tamm, Germany), followed by an incubation of 20 min. Changes in the cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration in OECs were detected by the fluorescence of Fluo-8 (excitation: 488 nm; emission: 500–530 nm) using a confocal microscope (eC1, Nikon, Düsseldorf, Germany).

Techniques: Control